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    January 26

    姜小白和他的亲信

        管仲病危时,警告姜小白说,他的三位亲信竖刁、易牙、卫开方绝不可使他们掌握
    政治权力。
        ——竖刁,是姜小白最亲信的宦官,他本来不是宦官,为了能贴身服侍他所敬爱的
    国君,自愿接受宫刑。易牙,是一位精于烹饪的专家。有一天,姜小白说:“什么向我
    都吃过,只没有吃过人肉。”当天晚餐,就有一盘蒸肉,异常的鲜美。姜小白大大地赞
    赏他,易牙说:“这是我三岁儿子的肉,我听说忠臣不顾惜他的家人,所以奉献给国
    君。”卫开方,是卫国的一位贵族,他追随姜小白十五年,都没有回家。对这三位人物
    所表演的一脸忠贞,姜小白至为感动。
        管仲分析说:“人性是这样的,没有人不爱自己超过爱别人,如果对自己身体都忍
    心残害,对别人岂不更忍心下毒手!没有人不爱自己的儿女,如果连自己的儿女都能下
    得狠心,他对谁下不得狠心?没有人不爱自己的父母,如果十五年之久都不想见父母一
    面,连父母都抛到脑后,对其他的人又有谁不会抛到脑后?”姜小白问:“这三个人在
    我身边很久,你从前怎么不提?”管仲说:“国君在私生活中,应该享有他的癖好,否
    则当国君便没有丝毫乐趣了,但这些癖好必须不干扰到国家大事。我死之前,还可以防
    止他们。我死之后,恐怕他们会像洪水一样地溃决。”姜小白一生都在管仲指导之下,
    只有这件事他大大地不以为然。
        两年后,纪元前六四三年,姜小白生病沉重,不能起床。竖刁、易牙发现姜小白已
    没有利用价值,效忠已不能带来利益,于是决定杀掉太子姜昭,拥立姜小白的另一个儿
    子姜无亏,这样他们就可以顺理成章的取得宰相的高位。于是下令禁止任何人出入寝宫,
    三天之后,姜小白仍然不死,竖刁、易牙勃然大怒,把姜小白左右服侍的人全部逐走。
    又在寝宫四周,筑起围墙,隔绝内外,姜小白不得不饿死在他的病榻上。饿死之后,苍
    蝇云集,尸体腐烂生蛆。一直等到蛆的数目多到爬出围墙之外,人们才想到这位英雄已
    死。

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